Kawasaki disease (KD) is one of the most common causes of fevers of unknown origin and acquired heart defects in children under five years of age. Currently, there are no specific laboratory tests for the diagnosis of KD, so it is established on the basis of clinical data.
Aim – to determine the clinical, laboratory and instrumental features of KD in the pre-modern period in order to optimize treatment.
Materials and methods. Retrospective review of medical histories of 8 children with KD aged 6 months to 5 years (boys – 4, girls – 4). The diagnosis was verified according to the criteria of the American Heart Association, which were approved by the EULAR/PreS Consensus in 2017. Objective and laboratory parameters were examined.
Results. According to the results of the main clinical criteria of KD, febrile fever for more than 5 days, bilateral conjunctival injection without exudation and oropharyngeal changes were observed in all the examined (100%). According to the results of laboratory tests, 100% of the examined had thrombocytosis, 87.5% – anemia, 75.0% – neutrophilic leukocytosis and increased in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. According to the echocardiological examination of the heart, 100% of the children had signs of dilatation of the heart cavities. Aneurysm of coronary arteries was diagnosed in 37.5% of the examined.
Conclusions. The time of diagnosis of KD determines the therapy and prognosis of the disease. The peculiarities of the course of KD are the cyclic nature and symptoms inherent in many other diseases, which complicates timely diagnosis, leads to the delay of therapy, prolonged hospitalization of patients and worsening of the prognosis.